Tenet Healthcare Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fundamental Healthcare - Term Paper Example Fundamental has more than one hundred thousand workers and has its central command in Dallas, Texas. As a National Medical Enterprise, lawyers John Bedrosian, Leonard Cohen and Richard Eamer built up Tenet in 1967 (Brooks, Silverman and Wallen, 2015). By 1975, the endeavor possessed and worked twenty-three medical clinics and a home medicinal services business. It developed to grow during the 1970s and the 1980s to the current Tenet Healthcare Corporation. Tenet’s stock cost declined by over 70% in 2002 due to Federal Investigations. It was in 2003 when Tenet’s Commitment to Quality, an activity to improve the wellbeing, administration, quality and results of the consideration administrations was started. In an undertaking to remake its Ethics and Compliance Programs, a central consistence official detailing straightforwardly to the directorate was recruited. Precept strived to accomplish its money related execution objectives despite numerous consistence challenges organized by the US Department of Health and Human Services. Notwithstanding the numerous difficulties, Tenet figured out how to utilize different procedures prompting its development and extension and the securing of numerous different organizations. As per reports discharged on 20 January 2015, Tenet possessed 200 and ten outpatient places. Its worked emergency clinics incorporate two children’s clinics, four scholastic clinical focuses, and a basic access medical clinic with 20,814 authorized beds and three claim to fame clinics that principally serve urban and rural networks in fourteen states. Precept auxiliaries own and rent clinical places of business situated close to Tenet medical clinic grounds. These auxiliaries work unsupported and supplier based outpatient places in 16 states, mobile medical procedure habitats, analytic imaging communities and satellite divisions. The Corporation possesses more than 500 doctor rehearses (Brooks, Silverman and Wallen,

Response to Intervention (RTI)

Socialist party

Socialist party Socialist party, in U.S. history, political party formed to promote public control of the means of production and distribution. In 1898 the Social Democratic party was formed by a group led by Eugene V. Debs and Victor Berger . Two years later, Debs ran for president with the support of the more moderate wing of the Socialist Labor party , and in 1901 this group, led by Morris Hillquit , united with the Social Democratic party to form the Socialist party. The new party differed from the more radical Socialist Labor party in favoring an evolutionary, as opposed to revolutionary, socialism, and it soon outsized the older organization. The Socialist party did not show much electoral strength until 1910 and 1911, when its candidates won numerous state and local elections. In 1912, Debs received nearly 900,000 votes (6% of the votes cast) as the party's presidential candidate. The party reached its peak membership (nearly 120,000) in that year. Allan Benson ran for president in 191 6, but his percentage of the national vote dropped to 3%. In 1917 the party opposed the American entry into World War I, with a small faction of dissenting prowar members seceding from the party. Debs and a number of others were arrested for their opposition to the war, although Debs ran for president in 1920 while imprisoned and received 920,000 votes. After serving part of his sentence he was pardoned by President Harding. Following the Russian Revolution, a substantial group within the party advocated that the organization drop its evolutionary and reformist position and work instead for the immediate overthrow of the capitalist system. In 1919 this faction withdrew from the party, thereby substantially weakening it, and formed the Communist party of the United States. In 1924 the Socialist party supported the Progressive party candidate for president, Robert La Follette , but in 1928 it once again nominated its own candidate, Norman Thomas , who ran in the following five p residential elections. The party lost much of its support during the 1930s when the New Deal came into effect, implementing many programs that the Socialists had long demanded. Since then the party's influence has steadily declined. In the 1952 and 1956 presidential elections Darlington Hoopes ran as the Socialist candidate, receiving fewer than 2,500 votes in the latter election. Although other minor parties espousing socialism currently participate in national elections, the Socialist party decided in 1960 to withdraw from national politics and concentrate on education. Since the 1950s the party has reorganized and changed its name several times, with the main group taking the name Social Democrats, USA in 1972. See W. B. Hesseltine, The Rise and Fall of Third Parties (1948, repr. 1957); I. Kipnis, The American Socialist Movement (1952, repr. 1972); D. Shannon, The Socialist Party of America (1955, repr. 1967); H. Nash, Jr., Third Parties in American Politics (1959); J. Weinstein, The Decline of Socialism in America, 1912â€"1925 (1967); R. W. Judd, Socialist Cities: Municipal Politics and the Grass Roots of American Socialism (1989). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History

Why Marijuana Should Be Legal - 1641 Words

Abstract Recognizing that marijuana will be in the market for a while, this paper will pinpoint detailed information on the production, transportation, effects of marijuana, and its effective control. The review of the claims integrated in the paper offers evidence and conclusive results of the local and foreign production. While using marijuana can be unsafe to a person, it is not as nearly as harmful as the stereotypes about marijuana claim to be. Furthermore, the drug seems to be well established as a social drug, especially in the Western countries. Despite the criminalization of marijuana, a significant number of people still use the drug for medicinal or recreational purposes. The old trends that focus on the drug prohibition policies should develop alternative policies that will allow the effective control of marijuana. Detailed information is presented on the local and foreign production of the drug, its persistence in the market, and the effects it may have on a society. Introduction Marijuana is perhaps one of the most used recreational drugs in the World. Other recreational drugs include tobacco and alcohol. Surveys conducted by the government prove that more than 25 million people have used marijuana in the past year (Fine, 2012). Other studies showed that more than 14 million people have ignore the harsh laws and regulations associated with smoking of marijuana. It supports the fact that the public policies put in place do not control the use ofShow MoreRelatedWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal960 Words   |  4 PagesA college student walking down the street on a pitch black night, has a brief encounter with a cop while smoking a joint for his post-traumatic stress disorder, and unfortunately gets arrested, even though marijuana seems to be his only temporary cure. I believe marijuana has many medical benefits, and certain people need it to live a normal, productive life. Opponents of legalizing it have argued that doing so would do more harm than good, however they turn a blind eye to scientific studies provingRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1604 Words   |  7 PagesAll through life, everybody is informed that, Marijuana is awful for you, over and over. A few individuals don t generally comprehend the reasoning behind it, however despite the fact that pot is completely legal in a couple states, it is still surrounding us everywhere; legally or not. Individuals all around the globe wonder why it s not legal all around. Can anyone explain why this drug is illegal for everyone, everywhere throughout the world? Cannabis in the United States of America has beenRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1953 Words   |  8 Pages Since marijuana is discovered, it has been used as drug. Because it considers as a type of cannabis, marijuana is a banned drug. Many of study and research about marijuana show that it effects on human health such as; irritated lung, shadow brain and dizziness, that is why marijuana has been banned for around seven ty five years. Under the Federal Law, having possession of marijuana is illegal and criminal. Marijuana has been an illegal in the United States since 1937. The federal court has triedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1085 Words   |  5 PagesDear , Since the 1930s marijuana has been illegal in the United States. The debate to legalize marijuana has been a huge controversy since the existence of the drug. I believe that by legalizing marijuana America will be able to thrive in the future. Marijuana has been tested and proven to provide a very positive impact in the medical field, the economy, and crime. First and foremost, marijuana is legal in some states in the United States but for medical use only and other countries such as CanadaRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe article Marijuana talks about what marijuana is and how marijuana is used in the medical setting. Also this article marijuana talks about how effective the marijuana of kids in high school and the effects of social work and the social life itself. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Marijuana can also be used to drink tea and, predominantly when it is sold or expended for medical purpose is normally mixed into foods. Marijuana is a cannabis which used for some psychoactiveRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal992 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, it is clear people use marijuana for different reasons. Marijuana is a plant that is known as cannabis, weed, pot, hash, grass or dope. This type of drug is popular all over the country therefor e, the intake of marijuana should be taken, very seriously. Regardless, of how weed makes a person feel it comes with positive effects as well as negative outcomes. Without a doubt, smoking marijuana or eating the drug will affect people’s behavior. Individuals self esteem increasedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1937 Words   |  8 Pages 1 Danielle Cook English 1010 February 22, 2010 Why marijuana should be legal Some people ask why marijuana should be legalized. But, perhaps, we should ask why marijuana is illegal? Contrary to public opinion and current law there are more reasons for marijuana to be legalized than for it to remain illegal. Marijuana cost taxpayers billions of dollars, it is less harmful than other pharmaceutical drugs including alcoholRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1379 Words   |  6 Pagesother information of the country or area that is needed to understand the background of the policy. Another important part of this step is to gain insight into the social determinants of health. 2. State the problem After working with the problem, one should be able to formulate a problem statement that defines the problem. 3. Search for evidence Evidence is information that is useful for developing a policy. To make the search efficient, it is important narrow down the search area before starting toRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana could be an awfully remarkable and questionable issue in the public arena nowadays. In spite of the fact that few hurtful cases are made concerning cannabis in late history, the truths are a unit gradually initiating to reemerge. Tragically, these truths territory units underneath huge feedback on account of the ordinary read of What people esteem the standard pot smoker. This skew impression of a languid and ridiculous America is that the consequences of more than seventy years of dataRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1264 Words   |  6 Pageslegalization of marijuana. The question spans all age groups, races, and religions. You will hear different answers from individuals under each group. Some view the use of the substance as a sin and believ e that the use should be a crime and others view it as a freedom that each citizen should be granted. Marty Nemko, a Ph.D. holding, education evaluation specialist, says otherwise. In his article published by TIME magazine, Nemko goes into details as to why he believes legalizing marijuana will have far Why Marijuana Should Be Legal - 1641 Words The article Marijuana talks about what marijuana is and how marijuana is used in the medical setting. Also this article marijuana talks about how effective the marijuana of kids in high school and the effects of social work and the social life itself. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Marijuana can also be used to drink tea and, predominantly when it is sold or expended for medical purpose is normally mixed into foods. Marijuana is a cannabis which used for some psychoactive drug. Marijuana is a drug that is scientific demonstrating for a use and those people who qualify could use the medication and those who are in need for it. The chemical in Marijuana, accountable for most of the alcoholic properties sought by sought by entertaining operator. Marijuana use have also increased the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN). Also they are more use marijuana in youth that don’t need the medication and just they use marijuana. Searchers have showed medic al marijuana has healing properties regarding pain management, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and appetite loss, for patients anguish from medical diseases. The use of marijuana helps reduce the pain in this system feel and the marijuana had narrowed unembellished nausea and vomiting supplementary cancer chemo therapy, weight loss associated HIV infection and cancer, increase appetite and weight loss in patients with AIDS and advanced cancer, measure disorders including dystonia, Parkinson’s disease,Show MoreRelatedWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal960 Words   |  4 PagesA college student walking down the street on a pitch black night, has a brief encounter with a cop while smoking a joint for his post-traumatic stress disorder, and unfortunately gets arrested, even though marijuana seems to be his only temporary cure. I believe marijuana has many medical benefits, and certain people need it to live a normal, productive life. Opponents of legalizing it have argued that doing so would do more harm than good, however they turn a blind eye to scientific studies provingRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1604 Words   |  7 PagesAll through life, everybody is informed that, Marijuana is awful for you, over and over. A few individuals don t generally comprehend the reasoning behind it, however despite the fact that pot is completely legal in a couple states, it is still surrounding us everywhere; legally or not. Individuals all around the globe wonder why it s not legal all around. Can anyone explain why this drug is illegal for everyone, everywhere throughout the world? Cannabis in the United States of America has beenRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1953 Words   |  8 Pages Since marijuana is discovered, it has been used as drug. Because it considers as a type of cannabis, marijuana is a banned drug. Many of study and research about marijuana show that it effects on human health such as; irritated lung, shadow brain and dizziness, that is why marijuana has been banned for around seventy five years. Under the Federal Law, having possession of marijuana is illegal and criminal. Marijuana has been an ill egal in the United States since 1937. The federal court has triedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1085 Words   |  5 PagesDear , Since the 1930s marijuana has been illegal in the United States. The debate to legalize marijuana has been a huge controversy since the existence of the drug. I believe that by legalizing marijuana America will be able to thrive in the future. Marijuana has been tested and proven to provide a very positive impact in the medical field, the economy, and crime. First and foremost, marijuana is legal in some states in the United States but for medical use only and other countries such as CanadaRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal992 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society, it is clear people use marijuana for different reasons. Marijuana is a plant that is known as cannabis, weed, pot, hash, grass or dope. This type of drug is popular all over the country therefore, the intake of marijuana should be taken, very seriously. Regardless, of how weed makes a person feel it comes with positive effects as well as negative outcomes. Without a doubt, smoking marijuana or eating the drug will affect people’s behavior. Individuals self esteem increasedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1937 Words   |  8 Pages 1 Danielle Cook English 1010 February 22, 2010 Why marijuana should be legal Some people ask why marijuana should be legalized. But, perhaps, we should ask why marijuana is illegal? Contrary to public opinion and current law there are more reasons for marijuana to be legalized than for it to remain illegal. Marijuana cost taxpayers billions of dollars, it is less harmful than other pharmaceutical drugs including alcoholRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1379 Words   |  6 Pagesother information of the country or area that is needed to understand the background of the policy. Another important part of this step is to gain insight into the social determinants of health. 2. State the problem After working with the problem, one should be able to formulate a problem statement that defines the problem. 3. Search for evidence Evidence is information that is useful for developing a policy. To make the search efficient, it is important narrow down the search area before starting toRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana could be an awfully remarkable and questionable issue in the public arena nowadays. In spite of the fact that few hurtful cases are made concerning cannabis in late history, the truths are a unit gradually initiating to reemerge. Tragically, these truths territory units underneath huge feedback on account of the ordinary read of What people esteem the standard pot smoker. This skew impression of a languid and ridiculous America is that the consequences of more than seventy years of dataRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1641 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Recognizing that marijuana will be in the market for a while, this paper will pinpoint detailed information on the production, transportation, effects of marijuana, and its effective control. The review of the claims integrated in the paper offers evidence and conclusive results of the local and foreign production. While using marijuana can be unsafe to a person, it is not as nearly as harmful as the stereotypes about marijuana claim to be. Furthermore, the drug seems to be well establishedRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1264 Words   |  6 Pageslegalization of marijuana. The question spans all age groups, races, and religions. You will hear different answers from individuals under each group. Some view the use of the substance as a sin and believe that the use should be a crime and others view it as a freedom that each citizen should be granted. Marty Nemko, a Ph.D. holding, education evaluation specialist, says otherwise. In his article published by TIME magazine, Nemko goe s into details as to why he believes legalizing marijuana will have far

The s Funeral By Bram Stoker Essay - 986 Words

Have you ever laughed at the most inappropriate moment? In chapter 13 of Dracula by Bram Stoker, Van Helsing laughs hysterically after Lucy s funeral. How did this come about? Lucy was sleepwalking one night when her friend, Mina, finds her with two puncture wounds on her neck. Lucy continues to have sleep disturbances and becomes pale and weak, requiring several blood transfusions from each of three men who have all asked Lucy to marry them: Arthur Holcomb, Quincey Morris, and Dr. Seward. Dr. Seward s friend, Van Helsing cared for Lucy during her illness. However, after a terrible night where a wolf s head came through her window in the middle of the night, killing her mother of heart disease, Lucy is unable to be revived and dies. Lucy s Funeral At the beginning of chapter 13, Dr. Seward is writing in his diary about Lucy s funeral. Lucy and her mother are buried together after a small service. The most striking thing about Lucy is how beautiful she looks. When the Professor bent over and turned it gently back, we both started at the beauty before us. The tall wax candles showing a sufficient light to note it well. All Lucy s loveliness had come back to her in death, and the hours that had passed, instead of leaving traces of `decay s effacing fingers , had but restored the beauty of life, till positively I could not believe my eyes that I was looking at a corpse, writes Dr. Seward. Van Helsing places garlic in Lucy s coffin and a crucifix at her mouth. Dr.Show MoreRelatedThe Extent to which You Think the Gothic Novel Represents Recognisably Modern Anxieties2868 Words   |  12 PagesSince the 1800s, vampires have often found their way into literature, legends, and popular culture. The vampires first appearance in Gothic fiction came from John Polidoris publication, The Vampyre in 1819, and from then the fascination of the vampire and gothic literature as a whole grew and can be viewed as a commentary on the period of time in which it was written. The strong image of the vampire is a strong metaphor for communicating the zeitgeist of the time. By analysing Bram Stoker’s, DraculaRead MoreLearning Log # 2 : Bram Stoker s Dracula 1692 Words   |  7 PagesLearning Log #2: Dracula by Bram Stoker ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quotes Analysis ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter 1 - 7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chapter 1 - â€Å"I read that every known superstition in

Industrial relations in European Union Free Essays

string(84) " caused by betterment in originality which was through acquisition and interaction\." The European Economic Council ( EEC ) which is now known as the European Union was established in the mid twentieth century as a consequence of the Treaty of Rome. It was set up after the World War II and it seeks to guarantee peace and betterment among member provinces. The European Union has some establishments that help in the transporting out its maps. We will write a custom essay sample on Industrial relations in European Union or any similar topic only for you Order Now These establishments include the Parliament, Council, Commission, Court of Justice and Central Bank. The European Union comprises of 27 member provinces which include Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands at its beginning in 1951. United Kingdom, Denmark and Ireland besides joined in 1973 because of the success of the European Economic Commission. Other states to fall in were Greece ( 1981 ) , Spain and Portugal ( 1986 ) , Austria, Sweden and Finland ( 1995 ) . Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Slovenia, Cyprus and Malta besides joined in 2004 while Bulgaria and Romania joined in 2007 ( EUROPA, 2009 ) . European integrating sought to better trade and investing every bit good as remove people barriers among its member provinces ( Hall and Marginson, 2005 ) . Each member province has ballots for the Council and seats in the European Parliament depending on its size. Since the 1980s, the European Union ‘s determination devising procedure has become a multi-level one which involves the different stakeholders on the determinations to be made ( Hooghe and Marks, 2001 ) . Multi-level administration believes that the province does non hold full control over regional degree policy devising. Decision devising is jointly made by histrions at different degrees in the supra-national establishments ( Hooghe and Marks, 2001 ) . This paper seeks to look into the European Union to see how it patterns multi-level administration looking at its methods of operation, and its establishment like the European Commission and the European Works Councils. It besides looks at the European Union to see what occurred before multi-level administration and the different types of multi-level administration. Before the coming of multi-level administration, the European Union was said to be based on state-centric administration which believes that European integrating does non restrict but instead strengthens the power of each member province ( Hooghe and Marks, 2001 ) . It is believed that since the integrating is driven by dickering among member provinces, no authorities is forced to make more than it wishes because dickering provides the lowest benchmark of operation. They see national authoritiess as autonomous determination shapers giving small authorization to the European Union to accomplish policy ends. Member provinces are seen as the bench because they determine whether or non the policies decided upon are implemented in the provinces. Multi-level administration is nevertheless, now seen as prevalent in the European Union in the sense that the Union ensures that authorization and decision-making are shared among the â€Å" sub-national, national and supra-national † degre es of authorities with the parts being the sub-national, the provinces the national and the European Union being the supranational degrees of authorities ( Hooghe and Marks, 2001 ) . Bache ( 2008 ) besides sees multi-level administration as an emerging tendency which was made to counter the state-centric position of the European Union between the 1960s and the eightiess. He stated that multi-level administration does non contend the major function of the authorities in member provinces in the decision- devising of the European Union but instead sees them as the most of import. In 2004, Bache and Flinders stated that there are two major types of multilevel administration, the Type I and the Type II. The foundation of the type I multi-level administration is seen to be federalism where the powers for decision-making are shared among the different stakeholders with power apportioned in hierarchal order – the parts holding less power than the state province, the state province ho lding less power than the Union and the European Union holding the highest signifier of authorization. They besides believe that the country of control of the parties involved does non overlap. Type I multi-level administration besides wants to cover all the facets of the European Union rank understanding. Type II multi-level administration on the other manus, sees the function of members as inter-related and inter-dependent. There is no hierarchy to legal power as it assumes that authorization is about equally shared between the Union and its members. The design is flexible because the understanding is seen to cover merely specific parts of the Union ‘s understanding and non in item, all facets of rank. Each degree of legal power has peculiar undertakings assigned to it ( Bache and Flinders, 2004 ) . The European Union is hence seen to rehearse type II multi-level administration because it is believed that no 1 has absolute power, but determinations are made with all members come together to dialogue ( Bache, 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Samecki, European Union coherence policy is based on different degrees of partnership affecting the Union, its member provinces and the parts. The policy considers different fortunes and develops schemes that will enable the policy to work better and more efficaciously in each district. The Lisbon Treaty seeks regional and local co-operation among the Union ‘s member provinces. Bachtler and Yuill ( 2001 ) stated that since the origin of the Union, the focal point of its regional policies has been a narrow one aimed at commanding economic activities through industrial ordinances. Business AIDSs and substructure were the signifiers of aid provided by the Union and the criterion of operation was top-to-bottom. Decisions that concerned policies such as design and bringing were taken by the cardinal authorities. Demand was what drove the policies and made them proactive. By the 1980s, the policy focal point was changed and placed accent on liberalization, deregulating and denationalization of markets. Regional brotherhood was encouraged in order to cut down economic disparities. There was a displacement from the top-to-bottom attack to the bottom-to-top ( soft touch ) as member provinces could develop and implement their policies to cover with turning economic affairs. From the mid-1980s, regional growing was seen to be caused by betterment in originality which was through acquisition and interaction. You read "Industrial relations in European Union" in category "Essay examples" Trade, labor and capital barriers were besides removed and Foreign Direct Investment was apparent. By 1988, regional strategic planning was seen, with each part fixing its program and later showing same to the European Union. These programs were carried out through local and regional partnerships ( Bachtler and Yuill, 2001 ) . Local and regional partnerships could besides be said to intend multi-level administration. Multi-level administration strengthens the democratic dimension of the European Union and increases the competency of its procedures. The Committee of Regions in the European Union considers multi-level administration to intend coordinated action. The focal point on administration in the European Union includes the rule of flexibleness and legitimacy. The image of the European Union encompasses its member provinces as there is truly no difference between national, regional ( European Union ) and international alteration drivers ( Kohler-Koch cited in Bache 2008 ) . The European Union takes off the power of liberty from the province by leting corporate decision-making among province authoritiess through assorted European establishments ( Hooghe and Marks, 2001 ) . Vertical associations in the European Union, chiefly in Britain were seen in the Restoration of the English grade between 1987 and 1997 ( Bache, 2008 ) . In these times, structural financess constricted the â€Å" standard parts † as the official boundaries for the English regional dimension through the incorporate Government Offices ( GOs ) . Horizontal multi-level administration besides deals with corporate decision-making among member provinces and it besides encourages partnership as a manner of administration by supplying fiscal inducements for major histrions. The European Union ‘s policy coherence has mobilised stakeholders by supplying information every bit good as act uponing processs below the regional degree bring forthing a perpendicular consequence that streng thens the regional degree by supplying regional control ( Bache, 2008 ) . The European Commission has used different schemes to advance the coherence policy although these policies themselves do non alter in signifier ( Bache, 2008 ) . The European Commission is the civil service or administrative organic structure of the European Union. It is the decision-making arm of the Union and its place is in Brussels. The Commission is responsible for guaranting that the involvement of the Union is put above the involvement of single member provinces. It encourages societal spouses ‘ engagement in policy development. In 2006, the European Commission wanted to cut down unemployment among its member provinces every bit good as surrogate growing. This determination was made with peculiar focal point on research and development and to guarantee best patterns among member provinces and societal security ( EUROPA, 2009 ) . The Commission has the duty of urging new Torahs in the Union, while the Parliament and Council seek to guarantee the acceptance of these Torahs. On September 22, 1994, the Council of Ministers agreed to the European Works Council Directive ( EWC Directive ) and it was passed in the national statute law by September 22, 1996. An employer is obligated to set up a European Workers Council if the employer provides work for a lower limit of a 1000 employees within member provinces and at least one hundred and 50 employees in each of two member provinces ( FEDEE, 2009 ) . The company must react within six months to a documented petition from at least 100 employees or their representatives in at least two constitutions in at least two member states. A ‘special negotiating organic structure ‘ ( SNB ) will be set up. It will hold between three and 17 members. All member provinces where the concern has employees must be represented by at least one member. Simple bulk will be used to find the result of the vote. Management will in a written understanding with the Particular Negotiating Body determine the capacity, work, maps , and proviso of office of the European Works Council ( FEDEE, 2009 ) . The Particular Negotiating Body may be helped by other people and administrations and may besides make up one’s mind, by two-thirds bulk, to halt dialogues. Financial duties for the dialogue between the Special Negotiating Body and the direction are borne by the latter. The direction and the Particular Negotiating Body will run into in order to make an understanding on how the Works Council will run. Workers involvement must be reflected in the meeting. If direction fails to take action in response to a legitimate petition within six months, or both parties are unable to wrap up an understanding within three old ages from the day of the month of the petition, a default contract which will be set out in an extension to the Directive shall use. The European Works Council ( EWC ) is to be used by Europe to rehearse planetary unionism ( Blapain and Dickens, 2008 ) among Multi-national Corporations. This Council seeks to increase international commonalty among its member provinces every bit good as addition the range of labor and employment ordinances. The European Works Council seeks non merely to supply information to the employees of big trans-border administrations but besides to see if European ordinances are followed in the administration every bit good as the impact on the international employees. Under the European Works Council, it is likely for direction to keep back some critical information which if discussed would damage the operation of the endeavor concerned. The Particular Negotiating Body is dissolved after the Works Council is formed. In states like Germany and the Netherlands, the Works Council are statutory commissariats by jurisprudence and the determine employee rights refering some issues while the United Kingdom is yet to subscribe the European Works Council Directive into jurisprudence. The European Works Council is hence seen as an avenue for corporate bargaining between the employers and the employees as they are the two societal spouses involved in decision-making in that administration. It will make an avenue for the staff in the United Kingdom particularly, to hold the legal right to be up to day of the month and discuss affairs refering to concern and employment dealingss if they so desire ( Marchingt on and Wilkinson, 2008 ) . The European societal theoretical account involves societal spouses in the development of policies and initiates societal duologue at the European Union degree. Social duologue, harmonizing to the European Commission ( 2002 ) is the driving force behind successful economic and societal activities. Social duologue at the Union degree got to its extremum with the debut of the â€Å" dialogue path † into the Maastricht societal chapter which enables the Commission to do directives in the signifier of adhering ordinances out of the understanding reached among societal spouses. Since the 1980s, the European Commission observed that the development of European Industrial Relations required â€Å" strong and capable societal spouses † and societal duologue was thereby used together with other directives to accomplish this end ( EC 1988:88-89 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . Social duologue was seen as really of import because it helps the European Union in construc ting its establishments and is besides seen as a possible joint regulative process ( Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . There are two types of societal duologue understanding – the dialogue path and the independent understanding ( EUROPA, 2009 ) . The dialogue path involves the European Commission confer withing with the societal spouses on subjects and issues that need to be discussed in order to make a common land. If these societal spouses agree, so their determinations are adhering but if they fail to hold, the concerned establishment ( s ) intervene based on the European Union ‘s directives ( EC 2002a: 17 and EC 2004 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . Different understandings have been reached at different times, they include parental leave ( 1995 ) , fixed term contract ( 1999 ) , nomadic working in civil air power ( 2000 ) , ( Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . Autonomous understanding on the other manus, involves determinations being made with the Commission ‘s invasion and are carried out by co-operative understanding or Council determination requested by societa l spouses ( EC 2003 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . Examples include tele-work ( 2002 ) and work related emphasis ( 2004 ) . Marginson and Sission ( 2006 ) stated that the European Union purely adhered to the impression of corporate bargaining. Corporate bargaining could take topographic point with one employer, different employers in the same industry or across the different industries within the state or brotherhood. It can besides take topographic point with the trade brotherhood entirely, trade brotherhoods and authorities and with the plants council or groups. It can cover with different issues runing from rewards, restructuring of the administration, employment state of affairss among others. Corporate bargaining can assist the employers every bit good as other stakeholders of the administration to make understandings about the assorted issues that affect them ( Marginson and Sission, 2006:55 ) . Corporate bargaining is besides seen to assist set up the manner cer tain issues that pertain to industrial dealingss should be handled such that there is sensible benefit to all the spouses in the society. Corporate bargaining besides helps in transporting out understandings that have been reached by the spouses ; illustration is the 1993 Working Time Directive ( Marginson and Sission, 2006:57 ) . European Employment Strategy ( EES ) makes usage of the engagement of societal spouses as they are considered of import to governance. Member provinces are expected to guarantee good disposal of employment policies every bit good as wide partnership for alteration by the meeting together of parliamentary organic structures and stakeholders. ( Council 2005a: 23 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . Soft ordinance is now in pattern to back up the result of the cross-sector societal duologue even with new possibilities of dialogue envisaged by the Maastricht Treaty. The European policy is based on a theoretical account of a European public assistance p rovince where societal policy is seen as portion of economic policy. The Open Method of Co-ordination ( OMC ) got its derivation from the Lisbon European Council but before so it occurred in other council meetings like the Luxembourg, Cardiff and Cologne where different policy enterprises started. ( Hodson and Mahner, 2001 ) . It entails mark scene and sees societal duologue as a end affecting marks across a scope of indexs. Social duologue is now seen as a signifier of managerialism ( Cutler and Waine, 2000 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . Social spouses sometimes give response to guidelines ( EC, 2002a: 14-15 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . In the Open Method of Coordination, societal spouses in each member province provide advice, consult and negotiate on the assorted avenues that can be used to make labour market marks. The Luxembourg procedure made the proviso of the Employment Chapter of the Treaty. It was made to further efficiency in the labor market by supplying equal chances, doing both sides of the industry adaptabl e, encouraging entrepreneurship and bettering employability. ( Hodson and Maher, 2001 ) . The procedure begins with the European Council following â€Å" employment guidelines † that shows the employment policy ‘s precedences. Each member province will do its ain National Action Plan on how it aims to prosecute the guidelines. The Commission and the Council will so look into the programs and base on balls recommendations where necessary on the public presentation of each member province ( Hodson and Maher, 2001 ) . In Denmark, Belgium and Ireland, all societal spouses are involved in the procedures and process for decision-making with peculiar mention to the issues that relate to them while in some other states like Spain and Greece, merely some societal spouses are involved, for illustration the Employers ‘ Confederation ( Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . The Lisbon Council defined the Open Method of Co-ordination as utilizing cosmopolitan benchmarks and doing European Union guidelines unique to the states and parts by taking the differences between member provinces into history in order to supervise, measure and reexamine states ‘ public presentation on a regular footing ( Council 2000: parity 1:1837 cited in Gold, Cressey and Leonard, 2007 ) . In decision, the European industrial dealingss will non wholly wipe out industrial dealingss in the member provinces but instead, it will go on to develop ( Streek, 1998 ) . The different organizational constructions that exist between the European Union and its member provinces will still go on to be as the European Union does non hold full authorization over the financial and pecuniary policies of its member provinces ( Streek, 1998 ) . Multi-level administration can hence be seen to be in employment dealingss to the extent that merely some societal spouses in the employment relationship like the European Works Council, the Employer Organisations and other European Trade Unions are involved in some determinations made about the Union. The states besides play a important function because states like Germany France and the Netherlands have embraced quite a figure of the European Union ‘s Directives and have improved on them doing their industrial dealingss policies better than states like the United Kingdom which follows merely the barest minimal criterion of the European Union ‘s Directives. The Working Time Directive for illustration was signed by the European Union in 1993 but was non implemented in Britain boulder clay 1997 and besides, the issue of the European Works Council which will non be implemented till April 2010. However, Samecki ( 2009 ) suggests that since the European Union wants to accomplish promotion, multi-level administration should make the grassroots so that single citizens would be encouraged to acquire involved. Multi-level administration is progressively being seen to capture the shifting and unsure forms of administration in the European Union. Mentions Bache I. And Flinders M. ( 2004 ) , Multilevel Governance ( ed. ) , Oxford University Press, New York. Bache I. ( 2008 ) , Europeanization and Multilevel Governance: Empirical Findingss and Conceptual Challenges, University of Oslo, April 15, 2008, Arena Centre for European Studies, . Bachtler J. and Yuill D. ( 2001 ) , Policies and Strategies for Regional Development: A Shift in Paradigm, Industrial Policy Research Paper, University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, 46. Benz A. ( 2007 ) , Accountable Multilevel Governance by the Open Method of Coordination. European Law Journal, 13,4. Blapain R. , Dickens L. et Al ( 2008 ) , Challenges in European Employment Relations ; Employment Regulation, Trade Union, Organization, Equality, Flexicurity, Training and New Approaches to Pay. Kluwer Law International, the Netherlands. EUROPA ( 2009 ) , Gateway to the European Union, hypertext transfer protocol: //europa.eu/institutions/index_en.htm accessed November 25, 2009. FEDEE ( 2009 ) , Employees Work Council, hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fedee.com/ewc1.html accessed November 25, 2009 Gold, M. , P. Cressey and E. Leonard ( 2007 ) ‘Whatever happened to societal duologue? From Partnership to Managerialism in the EU Employment Agenda ‘ , European Journal of Industrial Relations, 13, 1: 7-25. Hodson D. and Maher I ( 2001 ) , The Open Method as a New Mode of Governance ; The Case of Soft Economic Policy Coordination in Wallace H. ( erectile dysfunction ) , The Changing Politics of the European Union. Journal of Common Market Studies Hooghe L. and Marks G. ( 2001 ) , Multilevel Governance and European Integration. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Maryland, USA. Marchington M. And Wilkonson A. ( 2008 ) , Human Resource Management at Work ; People Management and Development, CIPD, London. Marginson P. and Sisson K. ( 2006 ) , European Integration and Industrial Relations ; Multilevel Governance in the Making. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. Samecki P. ( 2009 ) , European Commission Responsible for Regional policy, Multilevel Governance in European Commission. Probationary Hof-Bruges ( Belgium ) , September 22, 2009. Conference on Multilevel Governance in European Commission. SPEECH/09/417 How to cite Industrial relations in European Union, Essay examples

Online Auto Auction

Introduction The auto industry is one of the largest industries in the world and this creates a lot of problems for various stakeholders in the industry. This essay will explore avenues that could be used in the process of setting up a car dealership within the car auction business. The essay is also going to look into ways and means of shipping cars within the car auction industry.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Online Auto Auction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The auto industry has evolved over the years and this has made car sales to increase through use of different channels. One of the growing channels for sale of cars is the internet due to the growth of online car auctions sales. The online car auction has been on the rise and as a result, car dealers in the world currently make use of e-commerce sites to advertise and conduct trade. Therefore, several pre-requisite have to be met in the process of establishing an online car auction. Overview There are several factors that one needs to consider before starting a business especially in the auto industry. The best tool to use in analysing a business start-up is a SWOT analysis on all factors affecting the online car auction industry. Moreover, we will also analyse the export of cars and the general trend within the auto industry. Type of Business: Before any person or organisation intends to start a business, a consideration on the kind of business has to be analysed. For instance, in the auto industry an organization can consider if they are going to sell at the retail or wholesale level. An organisation might come up with its own online portal like EBay or if it is the case of an individual, he/she might make use of a site like EBay. Moreover, in most cases retail auto dealers sell to individuals while wholesale business in most cases deal with selling to other dealers in different regions. Consequently, an organisation or an individual might decide to focus on selling all types of vehicles or to sell a certain kind of automobiles (Krane, 2003). For instance, an organisation might have a niche and decide to sell trucks only, sedans only or other segments of vehicles in the auto industry.Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Cost: This is a major factor that needs to be factored in the process of establishing an online auction business. Various costs have to be incurred in the process of establishing an online auction site. These costs include registration costs, licensing, advertising, and operational costs among others. As a result, careful budgeting and planning has to be done. However, the major costs that an online business owner should watch out are security and shipping. Online transactions are faceless and thus it susceptible to fraud and therefore adequate security measures should be undert aken (Rubenstein, 2010). Another major worry for online businesses is shipping especially in the case of international trade since several countries have different shipping rates and rules. While shipping to some regions could be considered non-commercially viable with problems like piracy and the sort. Thus, in an online auction you could either set for the customer to pay for shipping or for you to pay the shipping (Morris, 2011). These are some of the major cost factors that need to be addressed in the process of setting up an online auto auction business. Licensing: Before you set up an online auto auction in the United States of America, an organisation has to secure different business licenses. One of the mandatory licenses is a driver’s license that has to be issued with the US motor vehicle department. It is important to note that an individual can sell a limited number of vehicles without a license. This rule however does not apply for businesses or people selling la rge consignments of cars (Sinclair, 2007). Businesses exporting used or new cars the Unites States have to register with the office of foreign trade and this makes business more challenging. Apart from business and foreign trade licenses, businesses have to also consider that some countries require a certificate of vehicle inspection form the country of origin. This document is used to ascertain that certain regulations such as the age of the car do not exceed a certain number of years. For instance, Saudi Arabia only allows 4 year old cars to be imported into the country. Thus, all these licenses have to be acquired by the business during set up process.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Online Auto Auction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Price: This is a major factor considered by consumers and sellers in the process of trade. A consumer will buy a car or product based on the price of the car at the time of the sale. As a result, the seller has to price his car competitively for his/her car to be bought and at the same time make a profit. During the setting up of an online auction site, thorough research has to be conducted before a reasonable reserve price is set. Factors that need to be factored in this process include the age of the car, mileage, features of the car (Jerenz, 2008). It is advisable to include and document all the features and condition of the vehicle for it to attract genuine and competitive bids. Since the online auction business relies on trust based on information shared in the process of conducting trade. Availing all the information is necessary in attracting customers and at the same time building a good reputation for the business (Rubenstein, 2010). Insurance: The auto industry relies heavily on insurance for the protection of interests of all stakeholders. Thus, an online auto auction business owner should have insurance all the cars his/her organisation is selling. This helps in cushioning the business against losses such as theft, shipping of damage to the vehicles. Insurance covers such as general liability, comprehensive plans or a surety bond helps in protecting your business (Morris, 2011). For instance a surety bond might be expensive but it aids in covering of losses incurred as a result of failed contract with a supplier or vendor. The trade in used cars is lucrative but also risky hence an online auction business owner must get an insurance cover. Documentation: In the process of doing business, it is important for documents of trade to be used. However, the online auction trade is mainly conducted without formal documents. In consequence, a business owner must make the effort to ensure all the needed and necessary documents are in order. This is necessary for the purposes of trade since an online auction owner makes use of various channels within the trade process (Daft, 2006). For instance he/she has to work with custom off icials during shipping, banks and other trade intermediaries. Moreover, the consumer has to be availed inspection documents, warranties, mileage and other documents necessary after purchase of the vehicle (Barringer, 2008).Advertising Looking for proposal on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The online auto auction of used cars has grown over the years due to various factors shaping the business world. The advancement of technology has accelerated online trade and the auto industry has also taken cue. Therefore, more auto online trade is conducted today and most of the trade is on used vehicles. Sites like EBay sell cars based on user ratings for different third party car buyers and sellers (Jarvenpaa, 2008). The successful implementation of the online trade has been based on trust and security measures under taken by online auctions site owners. The major driving force is price and the factors listed above with a bid to maintain and grow this industry. Based on research conducted, the auto online auction for used cars is set to grow due to consumer demand and ease of doing business. Therefore, it is recommended for a business owner to consider selling used cars using online auctions sites bearing in mind the above business factors. Conclusion Conducting an online aucti on site is quite challenging and business owners have to conduct good business research before commencing business. This is made more difficult since trade is conducted online where transactional and security risks are great. As a result, a business owner has to conduct good research and take the necessary precautions in opening an auto online auction business. Some of the factors he should look into are insurance, licensing, price and costs and if these factors are catered for and mitigated then a good business can be developed. The auto online auction trade is set to grow and this will have a good ripple effect on business owners venturing in this trade. References Barringer, B. (2008). The Truth About Starting a Business. London: Allen Unwin. Daft, R. Marcic, D. (2006). Understanding Management. Detroit, MI: John Wiley and Sons. Jarvenpaa, S. L., Tractinsky, N., Vitale, M. (2008). Consumer trust in an internet store. Information Technology and Management, 45–71. Jerenz, A. (2008). Revenue Management and Survival Analysis in the Automobile Industry. Chicago, IL: Cengage Learning. Krane, B. Markowitz, J. (2003). Analysis of eBay. New York, NY: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Morris, M. (2011). Starting a Successful Business: Choose a Business, Plan Your Success. New York, NY: Jones Bartlett Learning. Rubenstein, J. (2010). The Changing Global Auto Industry: A Geographical Analysis. Boston, MA: Jones Bartlett Learning. Sinclair, J. Spillane, T. (2007). eBay motors the smart way: Selling and buying cars, trucks. Denver, CO: Springer Publishing Company. This proposal on Online Auto Auction was written and submitted by user D0nald to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.